Main theater and living room but mine have a surface which is part of the sub itself example psw1200 has a down firing power port that fires to a base surface inwhich the sub.
Downward firing sub carpet.
Most down firing subwoofers are placed on softer surfaces such as carpet.
A down firing subwoofer box produces a domino effect if placed inside a room.
And since the shaking directly affects the floor the floor starts shaking.
The higher order harmonics when radiating direct were definitely localizing lower mid bass notes and distorting the sound stage probably due to the.
Down firing also tends to mute any higher order issues.
I have a downword firing 12 inch ksw klipsch sub i now wish i had been smarter and done my homework and bought a better sub for the price anyway on the klipsch forums several posters suggested that if you have carpet like i do to put a large ceramic tile underneath the sub.
Although carpet will absorb some of the sound it is better to place the down fire on carpet than it is on hard smooth surfaces as these will reflect sound directly and cause a boomy listening experience that can be fairly unpleasant.
And even for a down facing subwoofer the amount of sound being absorbed by the carpet is likely going to be negligible.
On surfaces got me thinking at one time also.
Since the floors connect to the walls they re also going to shake.
The advantages i saw to down firing was getting the woofer away from my ear the cone was about 15 away when it was direct firing.